The Indus Valley Civilization

Imagine walking through a bustling city over 4,000 years ago—wide streets laid out in perfect grids, houses with advanced drainage systems, and workshops humming with activity. This was the reality of the Indus Valley Civilization, one of the first urban cultures in history, not a scenario from a fiction book. Flourishing around 2600 BCE in what’s now Pakistan and northwest India, this civilization was a marvel of development and industry, leaving behind clues that still fascinate historians today.